Identify Fragmentation
SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats
(DB_ID(N'CRONUS'), OBJECT_ID(N'Cronus$Item'), NULL, NULL , 'DETAILED');
Rebuild Indexes
USE MyDatabase; GO ALTER INDEX ALL ON MyTable REBUILD; GO
-------------------------------------------------------------------------More advanced script to report and manage the process better.Reportonly Mode = 1 will generate all scripts required to rebuild indexes for each table independently.You can choose to execute which ones are most necessary.
https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/4470/script-to-manage-sql-server-rebuilds-and-reorganize-for-index-fragmentation/
----
-- Script that reorganizes or rebuilds all indexes having an average fragmentation
-- percentage above a given threshold. It also works in the case
-- where Availability Groups are enabled as it determines if the
-- relevant databases are the primary replicas.
--
-- This script supports only SQL Server 2005 or later.
-- Also, if you execute this script in a SQL Server 2005 instance
-- or later, any databases with compatibility level 2000 (80) or earlier
-- will be automatically excluded from the index reorganization/rebuild process.
----
--Initial check - You must be SysAdmin
DECLARE @isSysAdmin INT
SET @isSysAdmin=(SELECT IS_SRVROLEMEMBER ('sysadmin'));
--Initial check - You must be using SQL Server 2005 or later
DECLARE @SQLServerVersion INT
SET @SQLServerVersion=(SELECT CAST(LEFT(CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('ProductVersion') AS VARCHAR(50)),CHARINDEX('.',CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('ProductVersion') AS VARCHAR(50)))-1) AS INT));
IF @isSysAdmin=1 AND @SQLServerVersion >= 9
BEGIN
--
-- Variable/parameters Declaration
--
DECLARE @dbname NVARCHAR(128);
DECLARE @ReorganizeOrRebuildCommand NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @dbid INT;
DECLARE @indexFillFactor VARCHAR(5);
DECLARE @fragmentationThreshold VARCHAR(10);
DECLARE @indexStatisticsScanningMode VARCHAR(20);
DECLARE @verboseMode BIT;
DECLARE @reportOnly BIT;
DECLARE @sortInTempdb VARCHAR(3);
DECLARE @isHadrEnabled BIT;
DECLARE @databaseToCheck VARCHAR(250)
DECLARE @dynamic_command NVARCHAR(1024);
DECLARE @dynamic_command_get_tables NVARCHAR(MAX);
--Initializations - Do not change
SET @databaseToCheck=NULL;
SET @dynamic_command = NULL;
SET @dynamic_command_get_tables = NULL;
SET @isHadrEnabled=0;
SET NOCOUNT ON;
---------------------------------------------------------
--Set Parameter Values: You can change these (optional) -
--Note: The script has default parameters set -
---------------------------------------------------------
--if set to 1: it will just generate a report with the index reorganization/rebuild statements
--if set to 0: it will reorganize or rebuild the fragmented indexes
SET @reportOnly = 0;
--optional: if not set (NULL), it will scann all databases
--If name is set (i.e. 'testDB') it will just scan the given database
SET @databaseToCheck = NULL;
--maintains only the indexes that have average fragmentation percentage equal or higher from the given value
SET @fragmentationThreshold = 15;
--fill factor - the percentage of the data page to be filled up with index data
SET @indexFillFactor = 90;
--sets the scanning mode for index statistics
--available values: 'DEFAULT', NULL, 'LIMITED', 'SAMPLED', or 'DETAILED'
SET @indexStatisticsScanningMode='SAMPLED';
--if set to ON: sorts intermediate index results in TempDB
--if set to OFF: sorts intermediate index results in user database's log file
SET @sortInTempdb='ON';
--if set to 0: Does not output additional information about the index reorganization/rebuild process
--if set to 0: Outputs additional information about the index reorganization/rebuild process
SET @verboseMode = 0;
------------------------------
--End Parameter Values Setup -
------------------------------
-- check if given database exists and if compatibility level >= SQL 2005 (90)
IF @verboseMode=1
PRINT 'Checking if database '+@databaseToCheck+' exists and if compatibility level equals or greater 2005 (90)';
-- if given database does not exist, raise error with severity 20
-- in order to terminate script's execution
IF @databaseToCheck IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DECLARE @checkResult INT
SET @checkResult=(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM master.sys.databases WHERE [name]=RTRIM(@databaseToCheck));
IF @checkResult<1
RAISERROR('Error executing index reorganization/rebuild script: Database does not exist' , 20, 1) WITH LOG;
DECLARE @checkResult2 INT
SET @checkResult=(SELECT [compatibility_level] FROM master.sys.databases WHERE [name]=RTRIM(@databaseToCheck));
IF @checkResult<90
RAISERROR('Error executing index reorganization/rebuild script: Only databases with SQL Server 2005 or later compatibility level are supported' , 20, 1) WITH LOG;
END
IF @verboseMode=1
PRINT 'Initial checks completed with no errors.';
-- Temporary table for storing index fragmentation details
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#tmpFragmentedIndexes') IS NULL
BEGIN
CREATE TABLE #tmpFragmentedIndexes
(
[dbName] sysname,
[tableName] sysname,
[schemaName] sysname,
[indexName] sysname,
[databaseID] SMALLINT ,
[objectID] INT ,
[indexID] INT ,
[AvgFragmentationPercentage] FLOAT,
[reorganizationOrRebuildCommand] NVARCHAR(MAX)
);
END
-- Initialize temporary table
DELETE FROM #tmpFragmentedIndexes;
-- Validate parameters/set defaults
IF @sortInTempdb NOT IN ('ON','OFF')
SET @sortInTempdb='ON';
-- Check if instance has AlwaysOn AGs enabled
SET @isHadrEnabled=CAST((SELECT ISNULL(SERVERPROPERTY('IsHadrEnabled'),0)) AS BIT);
-- if database not specified scan all databases
IF @databaseToCheck IS NULL
BEGIN
DECLARE dbNames_cursor CURSOR
FOR
SELECT s.[name] AS dbName ,
s.database_id
FROM master.sys.databases s
WHERE s.state_desc = 'ONLINE'
AND s.is_read_only != 1
AND s.[name] NOT IN ( 'master', 'model', 'tempdb' )
AND s.[compatibility_level]>=90
ORDER BY s.database_id;
END
ELSE
-- if database specified, scan only that database
BEGIN
DECLARE dbNames_cursor CURSOR
FOR
SELECT s.[name] AS dbName ,
s.database_id
FROM master.sys.databases s
WHERE s.state_desc = 'ONLINE'
AND s.is_read_only != 1
AND s.[name]=RTRIM(@databaseToCheck)
END
-- if Always On Availability Groups are enabled, check for primary databases
-- (thus exclude secondary databases)
IF @isHadrEnabled=1
BEGIN
DEALLOCATE dbNames_cursor;
-- if database not specified scan all databases
IF @databaseToCheck IS NULL
BEGIN
DECLARE dbNames_cursor CURSOR
FOR
SELECT s.[name] AS dbName ,
s.database_id
FROM master.sys.databases s
LEFT JOIN master.sys.dm_hadr_availability_replica_states r ON s.replica_id = r.replica_id
WHERE s.state_desc = 'ONLINE'
AND s.is_read_only != 1
AND UPPER(ISNULL(r.role_desc, 'NonHadrEnabled')) NOT LIKE 'SECONDARY'
AND s.[name] NOT IN ( 'master', 'model', 'tempdb' )
AND s.[compatibility_level]>=90
ORDER BY s.database_id;
END
ELSE
-- if database specified, scan only that database
BEGIN
DECLARE dbNames_cursor CURSOR
FOR
SELECT s.[name] AS dbName ,
s.database_id
FROM master.sys.databases s
LEFT JOIN master.sys.dm_hadr_availability_replica_states r ON s.replica_id = r.replica_id
WHERE s.state_desc = 'ONLINE'
AND s.is_read_only != 1
AND UPPER(ISNULL(r.role_desc, 'NonHadrEnabled')) NOT LIKE 'SECONDARY'
AND s.[name]=RTRIM(@databaseToCheck);
END
END
--
-- For each database included in the cursor,
-- gather all tables that have indexes with
-- average fragmentation percentage equal or above @fragmentationThreshold
--
OPEN dbNames_cursor;
FETCH NEXT FROM dbNames_cursor INTO @dbname, @dbid;
WHILE @@fetch_status = 0
BEGIN
--If verbose mode is enabled, print logs
IF @verboseMode = 1
BEGIN
PRINT ''
PRINT 'Gathering index fragmentation statistics for database: ['+ @dbname + '] with id: ' + CAST(@dbid AS VARCHAR(10));
END;
SET @dynamic_command_get_tables = N'
USE [' + @dbname+ N'];
INSERT INTO #tmpFragmentedIndexes (
[dbName],
[tableName],
[schemaName],
[indexName],
[databaseID],
[objectID],
[indexID],
[AvgFragmentationPercentage],
[reorganizationOrRebuildCommand]
)
SELECT
DB_NAME() as [dbName],
tbl.name as [tableName],
SCHEMA_NAME (tbl.schema_id) as schemaName,
idx.Name as [indexName],
pst.database_id as [databaseID],
pst.object_id as [objectID],
pst.index_id as [indexID],
pst.avg_fragmentation_in_percent as [AvgFragmentationPercentage],
CASE WHEN pst.avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 30 THEN
''ALTER INDEX [''+idx.Name+''] ON [''+DB_NAME()+''].[''+SCHEMA_NAME (tbl.schema_id)+''].[''+tbl.name+''] REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = '+@indexFillFactor+', SORT_IN_TEMPDB = '+@sortInTempdb+', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF);''
WHEN pst.avg_fragmentation_in_percent > 5 AND pst.avg_fragmentation_in_percent <= 30 THEN
''ALTER INDEX [''+idx.Name+''] ON [''+DB_NAME()+''].[''+SCHEMA_NAME (tbl.schema_id)+''].[''+tbl.name+''] REORGANIZE;''
ELSE
NULL
END
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL , '''+@indexStatisticsScanningMode+''') as pst
INNER JOIN sys.tables as tbl ON pst.object_id = tbl.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.indexes idx ON pst.object_id = idx.object_id AND pst.index_id = idx.index_id
WHERE pst.index_id != 0
AND pst.alloc_unit_type_desc IN ( N''IN_ROW_DATA'', N''ROW_OVERFLOW_DATA'')
AND pst.avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= '+ @fragmentationThreshold + '';
-- if verbose mode is enabled, print logs
IF @verboseMode=1
BEGIN
PRINT 'Index fragmentation statistics script: ';
PRINT @dynamic_command_get_tables;
END
-- gather index fragmentation statistics
EXEC (@dynamic_command_get_tables);
-- bring next record from the cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM dbNames_cursor INTO @dbname, @dbid;
END;
CLOSE dbNames_cursor;
DEALLOCATE dbNames_cursor;
------------------------------------------------------------
-- if 'report only' mode is enabled
IF @reportOnly=1
BEGIN
SELECT dbName ,
tableName ,
schemaName ,
indexName ,
AvgFragmentationPercentage ,
reorganizationOrRebuildCommand
FROM #tmpFragmentedIndexes
ORDER BY AvgFragmentationPercentage DESC;
END
ELSE
-- if 'report only' mode is disabled, then execute
-- index reorganize/rebuild statements
BEGIN
DECLARE reorganizeOrRebuildCommands_cursor CURSOR
FOR
SELECT reorganizationOrRebuildCommand
FROM #tmpFragmentedIndexes
WHERE reorganizationOrRebuildCommand IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY AvgFragmentationPercentage DESC;
OPEN reorganizeOrRebuildCommands_cursor;
FETCH NEXT FROM reorganizeOrRebuildCommands_cursor INTO @ReorganizeOrRebuildCommand;
WHILE @@fetch_status = 0
BEGIN
IF @verboseMode = 1
BEGIN
PRINT ''
PRINT 'Executing script:'
PRINT @ReorganizeOrRebuildCommand
END
EXEC (@ReorganizeOrRebuildCommand);
FETCH NEXT FROM reorganizeOrRebuildCommands_cursor INTO @ReorganizeOrRebuildCommand;
END;
CLOSE reorganizeOrRebuildCommands_cursor;
DEALLOCATE reorganizeOrRebuildCommands_cursor;
PRINT ''
PRINT 'All fragmented indexes have been reorganized/rebuilt.'
PRINT ''
END
END
ELSE
BEGIN
PRINT '';
PRINT 'Error: You need to be SysAdmin and use SQL Server 2005 or later in order to use this script.';
PRINT '';
END
--End of Script
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